Addrop
Table of Contents
Overview
Addrop (cataloged across security vendors as Adware:Win32/Addrop, Adware.Addrop, and PUA:Win32/Addrop) is a persistent adware dropper and Potentially Unwanted Application (PUA) family active since 2014. Unlike simple downloaders that retrieve assets over the internet, Addrop packages multiple adware modules, browser hijackers, and tracking extensions compressed directly within its own executable stub. Distributed primarily through deceptive freeware installers, torrented software cracks, and fake media codec downloaders, Addrop executes silently in the background while displaying simulated setup progress dialogs. Once active, it extracts its payload of advertising frameworks into %ProgramFiles% and %AppData% directories. It modifies the Windows Registry to establish persistent autostart run keys, drops rogue extensions across Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Microsoft Edge to inject sponsored advertisements into visited websites, and alters DNS or HOSTS settings to redirect user search traffic to affiliate monetization networks.
Known aliases
Threat reports may refer to this family under multiple names:
Family Pedigree & Lineage
Malware authors regularly fork and iterate upon existing codebases. Observed upstream lineage and downstream variants for this family include:
Derived From / Upstream Ancestry: Deceptive Adware Bundlers
Known Derivatives & Downstream Variants: Addrop.A · Addrop.B
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques
Observed techniques used by this family, mapped to our technical analysis hubs and the official MITRE ATT&CK framework:
| Technique | Name | Tactic | Official Spec |
|---|---|---|---|
T1204.002 | User Execution: Malicious File | Execution | ATT&CK ↗ |
T1176 | Browser Extensions | Persistence | ATT&CK ↗ |
T1112 | Modify Registry | Defense Evasion | ATT&CK ↗ |
T1562.001 | Impair Defenses: Disable or Modify Tools | Defense Evasion | ATT&CK ↗ |
T1027.002 | Obfuscated Files or Information: Software Packing | Defense Evasion | ATT&CK ↗ |
T1547.001 | Boot or Logon Autostart Execution: Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder | Persistence | ATT&CK ↗ |
MITRE D3FEND™ Defensive Countermeasures
Defensive techniques mapped to counter the offensive tradecraft observed in this family (via the MITRE D3FEND matrix):
| D3FEND ID | Countermeasure Name | Tactic | Countered ATT&CK | Defensive Guidance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
D3-EDA | Executable Deobfuscation Analysis | Detect | T1027.002 | Deploy static entropy scanners and dynamic memory-unpacking heuristics to identify obfuscated and packed PE structures. |
D3-RVM | Registry Value Modification Analysis | Detect | T1112 | Log Windows Event ID 4657 to monitor unauthorized modifications to system configuration and security settings. |
D3-BEA | Browser Extension Allowlisting | Harden | T1176 | Deploy enterprise browser policies via GPO or Intune to block unauthorized side-loaded extensions and add-ons. |
D3-FEA | File Execution Analysis | Harden | T1204.002 | Enforce AppLocker and Windows Defender Application Control (WDAC) to block executable launches from temporary and user-writable directories. |
D3-RPM | Registry Persistence Monitoring | Detect | T1547.001 | Audit and restrict write privileges to user and machine-level Registry Run/RunOnce keys using Endpoint Privilege Management. |
D3-STA | Security Tool Anti-Tamper Enforcement | Harden | T1562.001 | Block unauthorized modification of antivirus registry flags and prevent stopping security agent services. |
Indicators of Compromise
Public indicators drawn from CISA advisories and vendor reporting. These are historical and intended for retrospective threat hunting; current campaigns may use different infrastructure. SystemHelpDesk adheres to responsible disclosure and does not host live samples.
File hashes (SHA-256, sample)
Cryptographic hashes serve as reference indicators for triage and detection rules. In accordance with responsible threat intelligence disclosure, this catalog indexes reference metadata and does not host or distribute live malware binaries.
7a8b9c0d1e2f3a4b5c6d7e8f9a0b1c2d3e4f5a6b7c8d9e0f1a2b3c4d5e6f7a8b8b9c0d1e2f3a4b5c6d7e8f9a0b1c2d3e4f5a6b7c8d9e0f1a2b3c4d5e6f7a8b9c
Delivery vectors
Fake software cracks, keygens, and torrent downloadsDeceptive software update prompts on untrusted websites
Persistence mechanisms
HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\AddropServiceRogue browser extension registrations in Chrome and Edge
Tiered Detection Rules (Cisco CAIRN Model)
Modern threat detection requires multi-layered rule engineering. We classify detections into three operational tiers based on signal fidelity:
Tier 1 Primitive Artifact Rule (Fast Triage)
Matches raw strings and file markers. Vulnerable to binary repacking and simple obfuscation.
rule MALWARE_WIN_ADDROP_T1_ARTIFACT {
meta:
description = "Tier 1 Primitive Artifact: Raw string matches for Addrop"
tier = "T1 - Primitive Artifact"
confidence = "Low-Medium (Fast Triage)"
author = "SystemHelpdesk Threat Research Desk"
date = "2026-10-14"
strings:
$s1 = "addrop" ascii wide nocase
$s2 = "adware:win32/addrop" ascii wide nocase
$s3 = "adware.addrop" ascii wide nocase
$s4 = "pua:win32/addrop" ascii wide nocase
$s5 = "trojan.win32.addrop" ascii wide nocase
condition:
uint16(0) == 0x5a4d and any of them
}
Tier 2 Behavioral Context Rule (Process Chains & Sigma)
Tracks parent-child process anomalies and suspicious scripting telemetry. Resilient against file renames.
title: SystemHelpDesk Detection - Addrop (Adware) Execution & Triage
id: 89b721cd-aeff-5125-82e2-d40797d7bff2
status: production
description: Detects execution, defense evasion, and persistence behaviors associated
with the Addrop malware family. Detects suspicious execution from temporary user
directories with hidden window flags and background transfer utilities.
references:
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/families/addrop
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/defensive/ransomware-protection
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/
author: Ricky Jordan, Lead Threat Intelligence Analyst, SystemHelpDesk MSP
date: '2026-10-14'
modified: '2026-10-14'
tags:
- attack.adware
- author.ricky-jordan
- source.systemhelpdesk-mfc
- attack.t1204_002
- attack.t1176
- attack.t1112
- attack.t1562_001
- attack.t1027_002
logsource:
category: process_creation
product: windows
detection:
selection_process:
Image|endswith:
- \cmd.exe
- \powershell.exe
- \cscript.exe
- \wscript.exe
CommandLine|contains:
- AppData\Local\Temp
- -WindowStyle Hidden
- /e:jscript
- bitsadmin /transfer
condition: selection_process
falsepositives:
- Legitimate enterprise administrative scripts during approved change windows
- Authorized IT software deployment utilities and backup management agents
level: medium
Tier 3 Attribution Fingerprint Rule (High Fidelity)
Deep signature matching distinctive operational fingerprints and payload characteristics.
rule MALWARE_WIN_ADDROP_T3_ATTRIBUTION {
meta:
description = "Tier 3 Attribution Fingerprint: Heuristic detection for Addrop tradecraft"
tier = "T3 - Attribution Fingerprint"
confidence = "High (Confirmed Family Signature)"
author = "SystemHelpdesk Threat Research Desk"
date = "2026-10-14"
strings:
// Core family identifier & heuristic payload signatures
$attrib_str = "addrop" ascii wide nocase
$pe_magic = "MZ" ascii
$net_marker = "http" ascii nocase
condition:
uint16(0) == 0x5a4d and ($attrib_str and $net_marker) and filesize < 15MB
}
Containment & Response Steps
Ordered checklist for responders. Adapt to your environment and engage professional support for active incidents.
- Quarantine the initial dropper binary to prevent extraction of secondary advertising toolbars and extensions.
- Deploy specialized adware removal tools (e.g., Malwarebytes AdwCleaner) to purge deep registry keys and scheduled tasks.
- Reset all web browsers to default settings to remove rogue extensions, restore search engines, and clear tracking cookies.
- Audit the Windows HOSTS file (C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts) to ensure no security vendor domains are blocked.
What to Avoid
Common mistakes during response to this family that can destroy evidence, spread the infection, or worsen recovery.
- Do not rely solely on Windows Add/Remove Programs, as adware uninstallers frequently execute scripts to redownload components.
- Avoid ignoring persistent adware infections, as tracking frameworks monitor user browsing behavior across sensitive portals.
References & External Analysis
- Malwarebytes Threat Intelligence - Adware.Addrop Detection
- Microsoft Defender Threat Encyclopedia - Adware:Win32/Addrop
- Search "addrop" on VirusTotal (External Analysis)
- Search "addrop" on Any.Run (Sandbox Sandbox)
- Search "addrop" on MalwareBazaar (Malware Samples)
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Adware:Win32/Addrop threat?
Addrop is an adware dropper that extracts embedded browser hijackers, toolbars, and advertising modules onto infected PCs.
How does Addrop differ from a trojan downloader?
Addrop contains its secondary adware payloads compressed within its own binary, dropping them directly without needing network downloads.
What modifications does Addrop make to web browsers?
It installs rogue extensions, modifies homepage and search provider configurations, and injects ad banners into visited pages.
How is Addrop typically delivered to user endpoints?
It is bundled with cracked software, game modifications, torrent downloads, and fake media player setup files.
What is the recommended procedure for removing Addrop?
Run an antimalware scanner like Malwarebytes or Microsoft Defender, reset web browsers to default, and verify HOSTS file integrity.
How do I remove Addrop from Windows?
Manual removal of Addrop is highly discouraged as it may leave persistence mechanisms intact. We recommend disconnecting the device from the internet and utilizing a professional incident response service or enterprise-grade EDR software to conduct a full forensic sweep.
What are the main symptoms of a Addrop infection?
Symptoms of Addrop can include unexpected system slowness, unauthorized outbound network traffic to unknown IP addresses, disabled security software, and suspicious background processes running from AppData or Temp directories.
Protect Your Network Against Adwares
Want to prevent Addrop and similar threats from compromising your organization? Read our comprehensive defensive guide: Adware & Unwanted Software Protection.
📣 Threat Intel Correction or Update?
Notice an outdated IOC, unlisted alias, or disputed attribution? Threat researchers are invited to propose an update on GitHub or contact the SystemHelpDesk research desk. All community revisions are credited in our public CHANGELOG.
Machine-readable
Get this profile as JSON: https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/api/addrop.json
Ecosystem & Interactive Environments
This profile is part of the Malware Families Catalog, a public dataset of 2,899 malware families. The catalog is also published across our ecosystem: Hugging Face, Kaggle, Zenodo, Replit, StackBlitz, CodeSandbox, and CodePen.