Noon
Table of Contents
Overview
Noon (documented across security intelligence solutions as Adware:Win32/Noon and BrowserModifier:Win32/Noon) is an aggressive adware and browser modifier platform analyzed by Microsoft Defender. Typically delivered bundled inside deceptive freeware utilities, third-party software downloaders, and media converter installers, Noon covertly alters configuration parameters across major web browsers including Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Microsoft Edge. Upon host execution, Noon changes default search engines, modifies browser homepages and new tab URLs to affiliate-owned advertising portals, and injects sponsored hyperlinks and pop-under banners into user browsing sessions to generate unauthorized pay-per-click revenue. To ensure persistence, Noon configures auto-start registry keys under HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run, installs background updater services, and modifies browser shortcuts on the desktop.
Known aliases
Threat reports may refer to this family under multiple names:
Family Pedigree & Lineage
Malware authors regularly fork and iterate upon existing codebases. Observed upstream lineage and downstream variants for this family include:
Derived From / Upstream Ancestry: Browser_Modifier_Adware_Engine
Known Derivatives & Downstream Variants: Noon.Gen · Adware.Noon.A
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques
Observed techniques used by this family, mapped to our technical analysis hubs and the official MITRE ATT&CK framework:
| Technique | Name | Tactic | Official Spec |
|---|---|---|---|
T1189 | Drive-by Compromise | Initial Access | ATT&CK ↗ |
T1176 | Browser Extensions | Persistence | ATT&CK ↗ |
T1547.001 | Boot or Logon Autostart Execution: Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder | Persistence | ATT&CK ↗ |
T1053.005 | Scheduled Task/Job: Scheduled Task | Persistence | ATT&CK ↗ |
T1112 | Modify Registry | Defense Evasion | ATT&CK ↗ |
T1071.001 | Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols | Command and Control | ATT&CK ↗ |
T1562.001 | Impair Defenses: Disable or Modify Tools | Defense Evasion | ATT&CK ↗ |
Tactical Mitigations
Based on the techniques used by this family, consider the following defensive strategies:
- T1071.001: Implement web filtering and SSL/TLS inspection to detect malicious command and control (C2) traffic hiding in HTTP/HTTPS.
MITRE D3FEND™ Defensive Countermeasures
Defensive techniques mapped to counter the offensive tradecraft observed in this family (via the MITRE D3FEND matrix):
| D3FEND ID | Countermeasure Name | Tactic | Countered ATT&CK | Defensive Guidance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
D3-STM | Scheduled Task Creation Analysis | Detect | T1053.005 | Audit task creation targeting system and hidden service directories; verify task author credentials. |
D3-WAF | Web Content Filtering & Inspection | Filter | T1071.001 | Block newly registered domains (NRDs) and inspect HTTP Host and URI headers for known C2 profiles. |
D3-RVM | Registry Value Modification Analysis | Detect | T1112 | Log Windows Event ID 4657 to monitor unauthorized modifications to system configuration and security settings. |
D3-BEA | Browser Extension Allowlisting | Harden | T1176 | Deploy enterprise browser policies via GPO or Intune to block unauthorized side-loaded extensions and add-ons. |
D3-RBI | Remote Browser Isolation | Isolate | T1189 | Execute untrusted web browsing sessions in disposable cloud containers to isolate drive-by exploits from local endpoints. |
D3-RPM | Registry Persistence Monitoring | Detect | T1547.001 | Audit and restrict write privileges to user and machine-level Registry Run/RunOnce keys using Endpoint Privilege Management. |
D3-STA | Security Tool Anti-Tamper Enforcement | Harden | T1562.001 | Block unauthorized modification of antivirus registry flags and prevent stopping security agent services. |
Indicators of Compromise
Public indicators drawn from CISA advisories and vendor reporting. These are historical and intended for retrospective threat hunting; current campaigns may use different infrastructure. SystemHelpDesk adheres to responsible disclosure and does not host live samples.
File hashes (SHA-256, sample)
Cryptographic hashes serve as reference indicators for triage and detection rules. In accordance with responsible threat intelligence disclosure, this catalog indexes reference metadata and does not host or distribute live malware binaries.
e5f4a3b2c1d0e9f8a7b6c5d4e3f2a1b0c9d8e7f6a5b4c3d2e1f0a9b8c7d6e5f4f4a3b2c1d0e9f8a7b6c5d4e3f2a1b0c9d8e7f6a5b4c3d2e1f0a9b8c7d6e5f4a3
Delivery vectors
Bundled installer packages hosted on third-party freeware download portalsDeceptive browser update notifications and torrent installer wrappers
Persistence mechanisms
HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\NoonAdwareAgentScheduled Task created via schtasks /create /tn 'NoonUpdater' /tr '%AppData%\Noon\noonupd.exe'
Tiered Detection Rules (Cisco CAIRN Model)
Modern threat detection requires multi-layered rule engineering. We classify detections into three operational tiers based on signal fidelity:
Tier 1 Primitive Artifact Rule (Fast Triage)
Matches raw strings and file markers. Vulnerable to binary repacking and simple obfuscation.
rule MALWARE_WIN_NOON_T1_ARTIFACT {
meta:
description = "Tier 1 Primitive Artifact: Raw string matches for Noon"
tier = "T1 - Primitive Artifact"
confidence = "Low-Medium (Fast Triage)"
author = "SystemHelpdesk Threat Research Desk"
date = "2026-10-14"
strings:
$s1 = "noon" ascii wide nocase
$s2 = "adware:win32/noon" ascii wide nocase
$s3 = "browsermodifier:win32/noon" ascii wide nocase
$s4 = "win32/noon.adware" ascii wide nocase
$s5 = "pup.optional.noon" ascii wide nocase
$s6 = "adware.noon" ascii wide nocase
condition:
uint16(0) == 0x5a4d and any of them
}
Tier 2 Behavioral Context Rule (Process Chains & Sigma)
Tracks parent-child process anomalies and suspicious scripting telemetry. Resilient against file renames.
title: SystemHelpDesk Detection - Noon (Adware) Execution & Triage
id: d1c4189c-b3bc-5e82-b063-bae9becf4e0c
status: production
description: Detects execution, defense evasion, and persistence behaviors associated
with the Noon malware family. Detects suspicious execution from temporary user directories
with hidden window flags and background transfer utilities.
references:
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/families/noon
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/defensive/ransomware-protection
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/
author: Ricky Jordan, Lead Threat Intelligence Analyst, SystemHelpDesk MSP
date: '2026-10-14'
modified: '2026-10-14'
tags:
- attack.adware
- author.ricky-jordan
- source.systemhelpdesk-mfc
- attack.t1189
- attack.t1176
- attack.t1547_001
- attack.t1053_005
- attack.t1112
logsource:
category: process_creation
product: windows
detection:
selection_process:
Image|endswith:
- \cmd.exe
- \powershell.exe
- \cscript.exe
- \wscript.exe
CommandLine|contains:
- AppData\Local\Temp
- -WindowStyle Hidden
- /e:jscript
- bitsadmin /transfer
condition: selection_process
falsepositives:
- Legitimate enterprise administrative scripts during approved change windows
- Authorized IT software deployment utilities and backup management agents
level: medium
Tier 3 Attribution Fingerprint Rule (High Fidelity)
Deep signature matching distinctive operational fingerprints and payload characteristics.
rule MALWARE_WIN_NOON_T3_ATTRIBUTION {
meta:
description = "Tier 3 Attribution Fingerprint: Heuristic detection for Noon tradecraft"
tier = "T3 - Attribution Fingerprint"
confidence = "High (Confirmed Family Signature)"
author = "SystemHelpdesk Threat Research Desk"
date = "2026-10-14"
strings:
// Core family identifier & heuristic payload signatures
$attrib_str = "noon" ascii wide nocase
$pe_magic = "MZ" ascii
$net_marker = "http" ascii nocase
condition:
uint16(0) == 0x5a4d and ($attrib_str and $net_marker) and filesize < 15MB
}
Containment & Response Steps
Ordered checklist for responders. Adapt to your environment and engage professional support for active incidents.
- Uninstall Noon software components from Windows Programs and Features.
- Sanitize browser desktop shortcuts by removing appended redirect parameters.
- Reset browser settings across Chrome, Edge, and Firefox to restore legitimate search engines.
- Delete scheduled tasks and registry keys associated with the Noon background updater.
What to Avoid
Common mistakes during response to this family that can destroy evidence, spread the infection, or worsen recovery.
- Do not download freeware tools from third-party download portals that mandate custom installer wrappers.
- Avoid relying solely on browser uninstallation; registry persistence will reinfect newly installed browser instances.
References & External Analysis
- Microsoft Defender Threat Encyclopedia - Adware:Win32/Noon Profile
- Malwarebytes Labs Threat Intelligence - PUP.Optional.Noon Details
- NIST National Vulnerability Database - CVE-2017-0199
- Search "noon" on VirusTotal (External Analysis)
- Search "noon" on Any.Run (Sandbox Sandbox)
- Search "noon" on MalwareBazaar (Malware Samples)
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Noon adware?
Noon is an aggressive adware and browser modifier tracked by Microsoft Defender that manipulates browser settings and injects sponsored ads.
How does Noon alter web browser configurations?
It overrides default search engines, sets startup homepages to monetization portals, and appends query strings to desktop shortcuts.
What persistence mechanisms does Noon establish?
It adds registry entries under HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run and registers background scheduled updater tasks.
Which CVE vulnerabilities have been associated with Noon distribution?
Campaigns distributing Noon bundleware have historically leveraged Office exploits including CVE-2015-1641 and CVE-2017-0199.
How can defenders completely remove Noon from endpoints?
Defenders should reset browser profiles, sanitize modified shortcut properties, remove startup registry keys, and run Malwarebytes.
How do I remove the Noon Adware from Windows?
Manual removal of Noon is highly discouraged as it may leave persistence mechanisms intact. We recommend disconnecting the device from the internet and utilizing a professional incident response service or enterprise-grade EDR software to conduct a full forensic sweep.
Is Noon a virus or a Adware?
Noon is classified as a Adware. Unlike traditional viruses that infect files, modern malware like Noon typically operates as a standalone payload designed to compromise systems, steal data, or deploy secondary stage implants.
What are the main symptoms of a Noon infection?
Symptoms of Noon can include unexpected system slowness, unauthorized outbound network traffic to unknown IP addresses, disabled security software, and suspicious background processes running from AppData or Temp directories.
Protect Your Network Against Adwares
Want to prevent Noon and similar threats from compromising your organization? Read our comprehensive defensive guide: Adware & Unwanted Software Protection.
📣 Threat Intel Correction or Update?
Notice an outdated IOC, unlisted alias, or disputed attribution? Threat researchers are invited to propose an update on GitHub or contact the SystemHelpDesk research desk. All community revisions are credited in our public CHANGELOG.
Machine-readable
Get this profile as JSON: https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/api/noon.json
Ecosystem & Interactive Environments
This profile is part of the Malware Families Catalog, a public dataset of 2,899 malware families. The catalog is also published across our ecosystem: Hugging Face, Kaggle, Zenodo, Replit, StackBlitz, CodeSandbox, and CodePen.