Allaple
Table of Contents
Overview
Allaple (also cataloged in threat research as Rahack, Net-Worm.Win32.Allaple, and W32/Allaple) is an infamous, self-propagating polymorphic computer worm first detected in 2006. Engineered to autonomously spread across internal networks and the public internet, Allaple weaponized a critical stack-based buffer overflow in the Windows Server Service (srvsvc.dll) canonicalize routine (CVE-2006-3439 / MS06-040). Operating over SMB TCP ports 139 and 445, Allaple generated massive sweeps of random IP addresses, blasting malicious NetprPathCanonicalize RPC requests that forced target machines to execute injected shellcode without any authentication or user interaction. Allaple is renowned for its advanced polymorphic XOR decryptor engine: upon infecting an executable file or spawning a new network propagation thread, the worm rewrote its entire decryption routine using randomly generated mathematical operations, registers, and junk instructions (NOPs, increment, decrement), fundamentally defeating signature-based antivirus detection at the time. Beyond autonomous propagation, Allaple executed local file infection across all fixed and removable storage drives, modifying PE executables (.exe and .scr) by appending its polymorphic shellcode to file headers. The worm generated such staggering volumes of outbound network scanning packets and ICMP echo requests that it routinely caused catastrophic denial-of-service conditions, collapsing corporate switches, saturating ISP uplinks, and knocking enterprise networks offline.
Known aliases
Threat reports may refer to this family under multiple names:
Family Pedigree & Lineage
Malware authors regularly fork and iterate upon existing codebases. Observed upstream lineage and downstream variants for this family include:
Known Derivatives & Downstream Variants: Allaple_A · Allaple_B · Rahack
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques
This family has been observed using the following ATT&CK techniques: T1210 · T1059 · T1083 · T1547.001 · T1027.002 · T1498
Tactical Mitigations
Based on the techniques used by this family, consider the following defensive strategies:
- T1059: Restrict execution of scripting languages such as PowerShell, VBScript, or Python to authorized administrators. Enforce Script Block Logging.
MITRE D3FEND™ Defensive Countermeasures
Defensive techniques mapped to counter the offensive tradecraft observed in this family (via the MITRE D3FEND matrix):
| D3FEND ID | Countermeasure Name | Tactic | Countered ATT&CK | Defensive Guidance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
D3-EDA | Executable Deobfuscation Analysis | Detect | T1027.002 | Deploy static entropy scanners and dynamic memory-unpacking heuristics to identify obfuscated and packed PE structures. |
D3-SEA | Script Execution Analysis | Detect | T1059 | Analyze script block syntax and command arguments at runtime to detect malicious automation. |
D3-FDA | File Directory Access Auditing | Detect | T1083 | Audit and alert on high-frequency recursive directory queries executed by non-system and unclassified binaries. |
D3-NPS | Network Protocol Segmentation & Patching | Filter | T1210 | Disable legacy protocols (e.g. SMBv1) and restrict SMB/RPC lateral movement across internal subnet boundaries. |
D3-TR | Traffic Rate Limiting | Isolate | T1498 | Deploy BGP Flowspec and edge scrubbing proxies to automatically throttle volumetric SYN and UDP reflection attacks. |
D3-RPM | Registry Persistence Monitoring | Detect | T1547.001 | Audit and restrict write privileges to user and machine-level Registry Run/RunOnce keys using Endpoint Privilege Management. |
Exploited Vulnerabilities (CVEs)
This malware family is documented weaponizing the following common vulnerabilities and exposures:
- CVE-2006-3439 — In-depth exploitation analysis and catalog intelligence (NIST NVD ↗).
Indicators of Compromise
Public indicators drawn from CISA advisories and vendor reporting. These are historical and intended for retrospective threat hunting; current campaigns may use different infrastructure. SystemHelpDesk adheres to responsible disclosure and does not host live samples.
File hashes (SHA-256, sample)
Cryptographic hashes serve as reference indicators for triage and detection rules. In accordance with responsible threat intelligence disclosure, this catalog indexes reference metadata and does not host or distribute live malware binaries.
3e62f02cb8594d6e902b115ee877990155b46e38a202722b51ee2bc3a4ea847488a107ef4ef3b34208a0df70216b3f7f8d689626bc6594c9f187a27eb2a29c15
Delivery vectors
Autonomous network worm propagation exploiting NetAPI buffer overflow CVE-2006-3439 over SMB TCP port 445File infection of PE executables (.exe, .scr) on local and removable USB storage devices
Persistence mechanisms
Registry Run key under HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run pointing to dropped copy in %SYSTEM32%Infection of existing legitimate system binaries to ensure execution upon user program launch
Tiered Detection Rules (Cisco CAIRN Model)
Modern threat detection requires multi-layered rule engineering. We classify detections into three operational tiers based on signal fidelity:
Tier 1 Primitive Artifact Rule (Fast Triage)
Matches raw strings and file markers. Vulnerable to binary repacking and simple obfuscation.
rule MALWARE_WIN_ALLAPLE_T1_ARTIFACT {
meta:
description = "Tier 1 Primitive Artifact: Raw string matches for Allaple"
tier = "T1 - Primitive Artifact"
confidence = "Low-Medium (Fast Triage)"
author = "SystemHelpdesk Threat Research Desk"
date = "2026-10-14"
strings:
$s1 = "allaple" ascii wide nocase
$s2 = "rahack" ascii wide nocase
$s3 = "net-worm.win32.allaple" ascii wide nocase
$s4 = "w32/allaple" ascii wide nocase
$s5 = "worm.allaple" ascii wide nocase
$s6 = "win32.allaple.a" ascii wide nocase
condition:
uint16(0) == 0x5a4d and any of them
}
Tier 2 Behavioral Context Rule (Process Chains & Sigma)
Tracks parent-child process anomalies and suspicious scripting telemetry. Resilient against file renames.
title: SystemHelpDesk Detection - Allaple (Worm) Execution & Triage
id: b785f6bb-e0bb-523c-9323-3d6a7833e021
status: production
description: Detects execution, defense evasion, and persistence behaviors associated
with the Allaple malware family. Detects suspicious execution from temporary user
directories with hidden window flags and background transfer utilities.
references:
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/families/allaple
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/defensive/ransomware-protection
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/
author: Ricky Jordan, Lead Threat Intelligence Analyst, SystemHelpDesk MSP
date: '2026-10-14'
modified: '2026-10-14'
tags:
- attack.worm
- author.ricky-jordan
- source.systemhelpdesk-mfc
- attack.t1210
- attack.t1059
- attack.t1083
- attack.t1547_001
- attack.t1027_002
logsource:
category: process_creation
product: windows
detection:
selection_process:
Image|endswith:
- \cmd.exe
- \powershell.exe
- \cscript.exe
- \wscript.exe
CommandLine|contains:
- AppData\Local\Temp
- -WindowStyle Hidden
- /e:jscript
- bitsadmin /transfer
condition: selection_process
falsepositives:
- Legitimate enterprise administrative scripts during approved change windows
- Authorized IT software deployment utilities and backup management agents
level: medium
Tier 3 Attribution Fingerprint Rule (High Fidelity)
Deep signature matching distinctive operational fingerprints and payload characteristics.
rule MALWARE_WIN_ALLAPLE_T3_ATTRIBUTION {
meta:
description = "Tier 3 Attribution Fingerprint: Heuristic detection for Allaple tradecraft"
tier = "T3 - Attribution Fingerprint"
confidence = "High (Confirmed Family Signature)"
author = "SystemHelpdesk Threat Research Desk"
date = "2026-10-14"
strings:
// Core family identifier & heuristic payload signatures
$attrib_str = "allaple" ascii wide nocase
$pe_magic = "MZ" ascii
$net_marker = "http" ascii nocase
condition:
uint16(0) == 0x5a4d and ($attrib_str and $net_marker) and filesize < 15MB
}
References & External Analysis
- Microsoft Security Bulletin MS06-040: Vulnerability in Server Service
- F-Secure Threat Intelligence: Allaple Worm Profile
- Symantec Threat Report: W32.Allaple Technical Analysis
- Search "allaple" on VirusTotal (External Analysis)
- Search "allaple" on Any.Run (Sandbox Sandbox)
- Search "allaple" on MalwareBazaar (Malware Samples)
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Allaple worm and how did it propagate?
Allaple (Rahack) is a polymorphic network worm that spread autonomously by scanning random IP addresses and exploiting the Microsoft Windows Server Service buffer overflow vulnerability CVE-2006-3439 (MS06-040) over SMB port 445.
What made Allaple's polymorphism so evasive?
Allaple utilized a polymorphic engine that generated a completely unique XOR/ADD/SUB decryption stub with varying register allocations and junk assembly instructions for every single copy, rendering static byte signatures ineffective.
Why did Allaple cause major network outages?
Because its propagation threads flooded internal subnets with hundreds of thousands of ICMP pings and port 139/445 connection attempts per second, saturating routing switch buffers and causing corporate local area networks to collapse.
Did Allaple infect local executable files?
Yes, Allaple functioned as both a network worm and a file infector, searching all local and removable drives to inject its polymorphic code into PE executables (.exe, .scr).
How was Allaple eradicated from enterprise environments?
By deploying the Microsoft MS06-040 security update, blocking inbound TCP ports 139 and 445 at firewall perimeters, and deploying specialized disinfection tools to clean infected PE binaries.
How do I remove Allaple from Windows?
Manual removal of Allaple is highly discouraged as it may leave persistence mechanisms intact. We recommend disconnecting the device from the internet and utilizing a professional incident response service or enterprise-grade EDR software to conduct a full forensic sweep.
Is Allaple a virus or a Worm?
Allaple is classified as a Worm. Unlike traditional viruses that infect files, modern malware like Allaple typically operates as a standalone payload designed to compromise systems, steal data, or deploy secondary stage implants.
What are the main symptoms of a Allaple infection?
Symptoms of Allaple can include unexpected system slowness, unauthorized outbound network traffic to unknown IP addresses, disabled security software, and suspicious background processes running from AppData or Temp directories.
Protect Your Network Against Worms
Want to prevent Allaple and similar threats from compromising your organization? Read our comprehensive defensive guide: Worm & Virus Protection.
📣 Threat Intel Correction or Update?
Notice an outdated IOC, unlisted alias, or disputed attribution? Threat researchers are invited to propose an update on GitHub or contact the SystemHelpDesk research desk. All community revisions are credited in our public CHANGELOG.
Machine-readable
Get this profile as JSON: https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/api/allaple.json
Ecosystem & Interactive Environments
This profile is part of the Malware Families Catalog, a public dataset of 2,899 malware families. The catalog is also published across our ecosystem: Hugging Face, Kaggle, Zenodo, Replit, StackBlitz, CodeSandbox, and CodePen.