Eicardemo

Overview

Executive Summary

Technical Capabilities (Safe Testing)

• Standardized Signature: All legitimate, commercial antivirus vendors have explicitly programmed their scanning engines to recognize this specific 68-byte string as a "virus" for testing purposes.
• Validation of Defense in Depth: Security administrators deploy the EICAR file in various formats (e.g., plain text, compressed in a `.zip` archive, or embedded in an email) to verify that different layers of their security stack (email gateways, web proxies, endpoint AV) are functioning and successfully blocking malicious signatures.
• Alerting Verification: It is frequently used during incident response drills to verify that when an endpoint detects malware, the alert successfully traverses the network and appears correctly in the centralized Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) dashboard.

Threat Assessment

Incident Response and Remediation

• No Remediation Required (For the File): If the antivirus successfully detects and quarantines the EICAR file, the system is working as intended. The file can be safely deleted or left in quarantine.
• Investigate Lack of Detection: If the EICAR file is downloaded and *not* detected, immediate IT intervention is required to troubleshoot the endpoint security software and restore its protective capabilities.

Known aliases

Threat reports may refer to this family under multiple names:

• EICAR_Test_File
• Test-File.EICAR
• Not-A-Virus:EICAR-Test-Signature

MITRE ATT&CK Techniques

Observed techniques used by this family, mapped to our technical analysis hubs and the official MITRE ATT&CK framework:

Tactical Mitigations

Based on the techniques used by this family, consider the following defensive strategies:

• T1059.001: Restrict execution of PowerShell. Enforce PowerShell Constrained Language Mode and Script Block Logging.
• T1071.001: Implement web filtering and SSL/TLS inspection to detect malicious command and control (C2) traffic hiding in HTTP/HTTPS.

MITRE D3FEND™ Defensive Countermeasures

Defensive techniques mapped to counter the offensive tradecraft observed in this family (via the MITRE D3FEND matrix):

Tiered Detection Rules (Cisco CAIRN Model)

Modern threat detection requires multi-layered rule engineering. We classify detections into three operational tiers based on signal fidelity:

rule MALWARE_WIN_EICARDEMO_T1_ARTIFACT {
    meta:
        description = "Tier 1 Primitive Artifact: Raw string matches for Eicardemo"
        tier = "T1 - Primitive Artifact"
        confidence = "Low-Medium (Fast Triage)"
        author = "SystemHelpdesk Threat Research Desk"
        date = "2026-10-14"
    strings:
        $s1 = "eicardemo" ascii wide nocase
        $s2 = "eicar_test_file" ascii wide nocase
        $s3 = "test-file.eicar" ascii wide nocase
        $s4 = "not-a-virus:eicar-test-signature" ascii wide nocase
    condition:
        uint16(0) == 0x5a4d and any of them
}

title: SystemHelpDesk Detection - Eicardemo (Advanced Threat) Execution & Triage
id: dfed5be0-b6b2-5cc3-9111-2ef6cf17d173
status: production
description: Detects execution, defense evasion, and persistence behaviors associated
  with the Eicardemo malware family. Detects proxy execution, reflective DLL loading,
  and remote command injection associated with modular enterprise backdoors.
references:
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/families/eicardemo
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/defensive/backdoor-rat-protection
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/
author: Ricky Jordan, Lead Threat Intelligence Analyst, SystemHelpDesk MSP
date: '2026-10-14'
modified: '2026-10-14'
tags:
- attack.advanced-threat
- author.ricky-jordan
- source.systemhelpdesk-mfc
- attack.t1059_001
- attack.t1055
- attack.t1071_001
- attack.t1027
logsource:
  category: process_creation
  product: windows
detection:
  selection_process:
    Image|endswith:
    - \powershell.exe
    - \cmd.exe
    - \rundll32.exe
    - \regsvr32.exe
    CommandLine|contains:
    - DownloadString
    - IEX(
    - '/s /n /u /i:'
    - sc create
    - start-process
  condition: selection_process
falsepositives:
- Legitimate enterprise administrative scripts during approved change windows
- Authorized IT software deployment utilities and backup management agents
level: high

rule MALWARE_WIN_EICARDEMO_T3_ATTRIBUTION {
    meta:
        description = "Tier 3 Attribution Fingerprint: Heuristic detection for Eicardemo tradecraft"
        tier = "T3 - Attribution Fingerprint"
        confidence = "High (Confirmed Family Signature)"
        author = "SystemHelpdesk Threat Research Desk"
        date = "2026-10-14"
    strings:
        // Core family identifier & heuristic payload signatures
        $attrib_str = "eicardemo" ascii wide nocase
        $pe_magic = "MZ" ascii
        $net_marker = "http" ascii nocase
    condition:
        uint16(0) == 0x5a4d and ($attrib_str and $net_marker) and filesize < 15MB
}

Containment & Response Steps

Ordered checklist for responders. Adapt to your environment and engage professional support for active incidents.

1. Enforce forensic network isolation on all suspected endpoints while maintaining an out-of-band telemetry conduit to capture live Eicardemo adversary activity.
2. Perform full memory dumps across identified staging nodes to extract memory-only implants, kernel rootkit hooks, and decrypted Eicardemo C2 infrastructure IP/domain lists.
3. Review Active Directory domain controller authentication logs for anomalous Kerberos ticket requests (Pass-the-Ticket, Golden Ticket) and unauthorized DCSync operations associated with Eicardemo.
4. Block all confirmed C2 domains, dynamic DNS endpoints, and proxy IP addresses across perimeter firewalls, proxies, and DNS security gateways.
5. Conduct an enterprise-wide sweep across surrounding subnets for secondary webshells, WMI event subscriptions, or remote execution tooling left behind by Eicardemo operators.

What to Avoid

Common mistakes during response to this family that can destroy evidence, spread the infection, or worsen recovery.

1. Do not assume the incident is resolved simply because an antivirus tool removed the initial Eicardemo dropper; always verify that secondary payloads and persistence hooks have been eradicated.
2. Avoid logging in with Domain Admin or privileged credentials on a machine suspected of running Eicardemo until memory triage is complete.
3. Do not delay host isolation; automated lateral movement and credential dumping can occur within minutes of initial execution.

References & External Analysis

• Search "eicardemo" on VirusTotal (External Analysis)
• Search "eicardemo" on Any.Run (Sandbox Sandbox)
• Search "eicardemo" on MalwareBazaar (Malware Samples)

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Threats (Category: Advanced Threat)

Explore other documented threats in the same operational category:

• Spammy
• Fakehack
• Incredimail
• Filerepmetagen
• Slingshot
• Flvdownloader
• Installm
• Gocloudnet

Machine-readable

Get this profile as JSON: https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/api/eicardemo.json

Ecosystem & Interactive Environments

This profile is part of the Malware Families Catalog, a public dataset of 2,899 malware families. The catalog is also published across our ecosystem: Hugging Face, Kaggle, Zenodo, Replit, StackBlitz, CodeSandbox, and CodePen.