Proxygate

Overview

Executive Summary

Infection Vector and Technical Capabilities

• Security Perimeter Evasion: The software establishes an encrypted tunnel to external, third-party proxy servers. This tunnels all web traffic (HTTP/HTTPS) out of the network, completely bypassing the corporate firewall, content filters, and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS).
• Data Exfiltration Risk: Because the traffic is routed outside of corporate visibility, ProxyGate creates a massive blind spot. Employees can intentionally or accidentally upload sensitive intellectual property to external sites without triggering DLP alerts.
• Traffic Hijacking (In some variants): Some aggressive "freeware" proxy tools operate on a P2P model, essentially turning the infected corporate endpoint into an exit node for other external users, consuming corporate bandwidth and associating the company's IP address with unknown external traffic.

Threat Assessment

Incident Response and Remediation

• Application Whitelisting / Blocking: Use endpoint management tools to forcibly uninstall the ProxyGate application. More importantly, enforce strict Application Control (Whitelisting) to prevent users from executing unauthorized VPN or proxy executables in the future.
• DNS and Firewall Enforcement: Analyze the outbound DNS requests made by ProxyGate and block those domains at the perimeter firewall. Ensure that outbound traffic on non-standard ports is strictly regulated.
• HR and Policy Review: Because this software is often installed intentionally to bypass security controls, the incident should be reported to management or HR to enforce the organization's Acceptable Use Policy (AUP).

Known aliases

Threat reports may refer to this family under multiple names:

• Riskware.ProxyGate
• PUP.ProxyTool
• Tool.VPNBypass

MITRE ATT&CK Techniques

Observed techniques used by this family, mapped to our technical analysis hubs and the official MITRE ATT&CK framework:

Tactical Mitigations

Based on the techniques used by this family, consider the following defensive strategies:

• T1059.001: Restrict execution of PowerShell. Enforce PowerShell Constrained Language Mode and Script Block Logging.
• T1071.001: Implement web filtering and SSL/TLS inspection to detect malicious command and control (C2) traffic hiding in HTTP/HTTPS.

MITRE D3FEND™ Defensive Countermeasures

Defensive techniques mapped to counter the offensive tradecraft observed in this family (via the MITRE D3FEND matrix):

Tiered Detection Rules (Cisco CAIRN Model)

Modern threat detection requires multi-layered rule engineering. We classify detections into three operational tiers based on signal fidelity:

rule MALWARE_WIN_PROXYGATE_T1_ARTIFACT {
    meta:
        description = "Tier 1 Primitive Artifact: Raw string matches for Proxygate"
        tier = "T1 - Primitive Artifact"
        confidence = "Low-Medium (Fast Triage)"
        author = "SystemHelpdesk Threat Research Desk"
        date = "2026-10-14"
    strings:
        $s1 = "proxygate" ascii wide nocase
        $s2 = "riskware.proxygate" ascii wide nocase
        $s3 = "pup.proxytool" ascii wide nocase
        $s4 = "tool.vpnbypass" ascii wide nocase
    condition:
        uint16(0) == 0x5a4d and any of them
}

title: SystemHelpDesk Detection - Proxygate (Advanced Threat) Execution & Triage
id: 499ae2d3-adb8-57de-8509-ff186178f432
status: production
description: Detects execution, defense evasion, and persistence behaviors associated
  with the Proxygate malware family. Detects proxy execution, reflective DLL loading,
  and remote command injection associated with modular enterprise backdoors.
references:
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/families/proxygate
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/defensive/backdoor-rat-protection
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/
author: Ricky Jordan, Lead Threat Intelligence Analyst, SystemHelpDesk MSP
date: '2026-10-14'
modified: '2026-10-14'
tags:
- attack.advanced-threat
- author.ricky-jordan
- source.systemhelpdesk-mfc
- attack.t1090_003
- attack.t1562_001
- attack.t1059_001
- attack.t1055
- attack.t1071_001
logsource:
  category: process_creation
  product: windows
detection:
  selection_process:
    Image|endswith:
    - \powershell.exe
    - \cmd.exe
    - \rundll32.exe
    - \regsvr32.exe
    CommandLine|contains:
    - DownloadString
    - IEX(
    - '/s /n /u /i:'
    - sc create
    - start-process
  condition: selection_process
falsepositives:
- Legitimate enterprise administrative scripts during approved change windows
- Authorized IT software deployment utilities and backup management agents
level: high

rule MALWARE_WIN_PROXYGATE_T3_ATTRIBUTION {
    meta:
        description = "Tier 3 Attribution Fingerprint: Heuristic detection for Proxygate tradecraft"
        tier = "T3 - Attribution Fingerprint"
        confidence = "High (Confirmed Family Signature)"
        author = "SystemHelpdesk Threat Research Desk"
        date = "2026-10-14"
    strings:
        // Core family identifier & heuristic payload signatures
        $attrib_str = "proxygate" ascii wide nocase
        $pe_magic = "MZ" ascii
        $net_marker = "http" ascii nocase
    condition:
        uint16(0) == 0x5a4d and ($attrib_str and $net_marker) and filesize < 15MB
}

Containment & Response Steps

Ordered checklist for responders. Adapt to your environment and engage professional support for active incidents.

1. Enforce forensic network isolation on all suspected endpoints while maintaining an out-of-band telemetry conduit to capture live Proxygate adversary activity.
2. Perform full memory dumps across identified staging nodes to extract memory-only implants, kernel rootkit hooks, and decrypted Proxygate C2 infrastructure IP/domain lists.
3. Review Active Directory domain controller authentication logs for anomalous Kerberos ticket requests (Pass-the-Ticket, Golden Ticket) and unauthorized DCSync operations associated with Proxygate.
4. Block all confirmed C2 domains, dynamic DNS endpoints, and proxy IP addresses across perimeter firewalls, proxies, and DNS security gateways.
5. Conduct an enterprise-wide sweep across surrounding subnets for secondary webshells, WMI event subscriptions, or remote execution tooling left behind by Proxygate operators.

What to Avoid

Common mistakes during response to this family that can destroy evidence, spread the infection, or worsen recovery.

1. Do not assume the incident is resolved simply because an antivirus tool removed the initial Proxygate dropper; always verify that secondary payloads and persistence hooks have been eradicated.
2. Avoid logging in with Domain Admin or privileged credentials on a machine suspected of running Proxygate until memory triage is complete.
3. Do not delay host isolation; automated lateral movement and credential dumping can occur within minutes of initial execution.

References & External Analysis

• Search "proxygate" on VirusTotal (External Analysis)
• Search "proxygate" on Any.Run (Sandbox Sandbox)
• Search "proxygate" on MalwareBazaar (Malware Samples)

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Threats (Category: Advanced Threat)

Explore other documented threats in the same operational category:

• Slimdrivers
• Pennybee
• Instally
• Kido
• Lollipop
• Pikachu
• Sillysharecopy
• Rustock

Machine-readable

Get this profile as JSON: https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/api/proxygate.json

Ecosystem & Interactive Environments

This profile is part of the Malware Families Catalog, a public dataset of 2,899 malware families. The catalog is also published across our ecosystem: Hugging Face, Kaggle, Zenodo, Replit, StackBlitz, CodeSandbox, and CodePen.