Ainslot
Table of Contents
Overview
Trojan:Win32/Ainslot (also cataloged in threat telemetry as Worm:Win32/Ainslot.A, TROJ_GEN.UAE171Y, or Win32/Ainslot) is a persistent Windows trojan dropper and network worm designed to propagate across local network environments and deploy secondary crimeware. Ainslot spreads by scanning local subnet IP ranges for open network shares and utilizing weak administrative credentials, while also deploying via infected removable USB storage media. Once installed on a host system, Ainslot establishes persistence via the Windows Registry Run keys, communicates with remote C2 infrastructure using HTTP POST requests, and acts as a loader to drop auxiliary infostealers, password stealers, or generic trojan agents onto compromised endpoints.
Known aliases
Threat reports may refer to this family under multiple names:
Family Pedigree & Lineage
Malware authors regularly fork and iterate upon existing codebases. Observed upstream lineage and downstream variants for this family include:
Derived From / Upstream Ancestry: Win32 Network Worm / Dropper Lineage
Known Derivatives & Downstream Variants: Worm:Win32/Ainslot.A · Trojan:Win32/Ainslot.B · Troj_Gen.Uae171Y
MITRE ATT&CK Techniques
Observed techniques used by this family, mapped to our technical analysis hubs and the official MITRE ATT&CK framework:
Tactical Mitigations
Based on the techniques used by this family, consider the following defensive strategies:
- T1059.003: Restrict execution of Windows Command Shell (cmd.exe) and block unauthorized batch scripts.
- T1071.001: Implement web filtering and SSL/TLS inspection to detect malicious command and control (C2) traffic hiding in HTTP/HTTPS.
MITRE D3FEND™ Defensive Countermeasures
Defensive techniques mapped to counter the offensive tradecraft observed in this family (via the MITRE D3FEND matrix):
| D3FEND ID | Countermeasure Name | Tactic | Countered ATT&CK | Defensive Guidance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
D3-NBA | Network Behavioral Analysis | Detect | T1021.002 | Enforce SMB message signing, disable legacy SMBv1, and restrict administrative share access (C$, ADMIN$) to dedicated PAM bastion hosts. |
D3-PBA | Process Spawn Analysis | Detect | T1059.003 | Inspect command-line arguments and anomalous parent-child relationships spawning from cmd.exe. |
D3-WAF | Web Content Filtering & Inspection | Filter | T1071.001 | Block newly registered domains (NRDs) and inspect HTTP Host and URI headers for known C2 profiles. |
D3-SDA | System Discovery Analysis | Detect | T1082 | Alert on rapid enumerations of systeminfo, hostname, and registry hardware trees in short intervals. |
D3-RMC | Removable Media Access Control | Harden | T1091 | Enforce Group Policy settings disabling Windows autorun and block execution permissions on removable USB storage media. |
D3-RPM | Registry Persistence Monitoring | Detect | T1547.001 | Audit and restrict write privileges to user and machine-level Registry Run/RunOnce keys using Endpoint Privilege Management. |
Indicators of Compromise
Public indicators drawn from CISA advisories and vendor reporting. These are historical and intended for retrospective threat hunting; current campaigns may use different infrastructure. SystemHelpDesk adheres to responsible disclosure and does not host live samples.
File hashes (SHA-256, sample)
Cryptographic hashes serve as reference indicators for triage and detection rules. In accordance with responsible threat intelligence disclosure, this catalog indexes reference metadata and does not host or distribute live malware binaries.
e7f8a9b0c1d2e3f4a5b6c7d8e9f0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123fedcba9876543210fedcba9876543210fedcba9876543210fedcba9876543210
Delivery vectors
Infected USB removable storage drivesNetwork propagation across open SMB sharesPhishing email attachments
Persistence mechanisms
HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\AinslotServiceAutorun.inf on connected removable drives
Tiered Detection Rules (Cisco CAIRN Model)
Modern threat detection requires multi-layered rule engineering. We classify detections into three operational tiers based on signal fidelity:
Tier 1 Primitive Artifact Rule (Fast Triage)
Matches raw strings and file markers. Vulnerable to binary repacking and simple obfuscation.
rule MALWARE_WIN_AINSLOT_T1_ARTIFACT {
meta:
description = "Tier 1 Primitive Artifact: Raw string matches for Ainslot"
tier = "T1 - Primitive Artifact"
confidence = "Low-Medium (Fast Triage)"
author = "SystemHelpdesk Threat Research Desk"
date = "2026-10-14"
strings:
$s1 = "ainslot" ascii wide nocase
$s2 = "ainslot" ascii wide nocase
$s3 = "trojan:win32/ainslot" ascii wide nocase
$s4 = "worm:win32/ainslot.a" ascii wide nocase
$s5 = "troj_gen.uae171y" ascii wide nocase
$s6 = "win32/ainslot" ascii wide nocase
$s7 = "trojan.ainslot" ascii wide nocase
$s8 = "downloader.ainslot" ascii wide nocase
condition:
uint16(0) == 0x5a4d and any of them
}
Tier 2 Behavioral Context Rule (Process Chains & Sigma)
Tracks parent-child process anomalies and suspicious scripting telemetry. Resilient against file renames.
title: SystemHelpDesk Detection - Ainslot (Trojan) Execution & Triage
id: 340bd0bc-cdb2-58c4-82f0-56c151532715
status: production
description: Detects execution, defense evasion, and persistence behaviors associated
with the Ainslot malware family. Detects suspicious execution from temporary user
directories with hidden window flags and background transfer utilities.
references:
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/families/ainslot
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/defensive/downloader-dropper-protection
- https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/
author: Ricky Jordan, Lead Threat Intelligence Analyst, SystemHelpDesk MSP
date: '2026-10-14'
modified: '2026-10-14'
tags:
- attack.trojan
- author.ricky-jordan
- source.systemhelpdesk-mfc
- attack.t1091
- attack.t1021_002
- attack.t1059_003
- attack.t1547_001
- attack.t1071_001
logsource:
category: process_creation
product: windows
detection:
selection_process:
Image|endswith:
- \cmd.exe
- \powershell.exe
- \cscript.exe
- \wscript.exe
CommandLine|contains:
- AppData\Local\Temp
- -WindowStyle Hidden
- /e:jscript
- bitsadmin /transfer
condition: selection_process
falsepositives:
- Legitimate enterprise administrative scripts during approved change windows
- Authorized IT software deployment utilities and backup management agents
level: medium
Tier 3 Attribution Fingerprint Rule (High Fidelity)
Deep signature matching distinctive operational fingerprints and payload characteristics.
rule MALWARE_WIN_AINSLOT_T3_ATTRIBUTION {
meta:
description = "Tier 3 Attribution Fingerprint: Heuristic detection for Ainslot tradecraft"
tier = "T3 - Attribution Fingerprint"
confidence = "High (Confirmed Family Signature)"
author = "SystemHelpdesk Threat Research Desk"
date = "2026-10-14"
strings:
// Core family identifier & heuristic payload signatures
$attrib_str = "ainslot" ascii wide nocase
$pe_magic = "MZ" ascii
$net_marker = "http" ascii nocase
condition:
uint16(0) == 0x5a4d and ($attrib_str and $net_marker) and filesize < 15MB
}
Containment & Response Steps
Ordered checklist for responders. Adapt to your environment and engage professional support for active incidents.
- Sever network connectivity for the flagged endpoint to terminate persistent command-and-control (C2) communication channels and stop Ainslot from retrieving secondary stage payloads.
- Capture process memory triage to detect and terminate malicious threads injected by Ainslot into legitimate system processes such as explorer.exe or svchost.exe.
- Audit Windows Registry Run keys (HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run) and Task Scheduler entries to locate and purge Ainslot persistence hooks.
- Deploy updated enterprise EDR detection signatures and conduct an out-of-band endpoint scan to isolate dropped binaries and staged payloads.
- Rotate all credentials, domain user passwords, and session cookies active on the system during the Ainslot execution timeframe.
What to Avoid
Common mistakes during response to this family that can destroy evidence, spread the infection, or worsen recovery.
- Do not assume the incident is resolved simply because an antivirus tool removed the initial Ainslot dropper; always verify that secondary payloads and persistence hooks have been eradicated.
- Avoid logging in with Domain Admin or privileged credentials on a machine suspected of running Ainslot until memory triage is complete.
- Do not delay host isolation; automated lateral movement and credential dumping can occur within minutes of initial execution.
References & External Analysis
- Microsoft Defender Threat Encyclopedia - Worm:Win32/Ainslot.A
- Trend Micro Threat Encyclopedia - TROJ_GEN.UAE171Y
- Kaspersky Threat Intelligence - Trojan.Win32.Ainslot
- Search "ainslot" on VirusTotal (External Analysis)
- Search "ainslot" on Any.Run (Sandbox Sandbox)
- Search "ainslot" on MalwareBazaar (Malware Samples)
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Ainslot malware?
Ainslot is a Windows Trojan dropper and worm that spreads via network shares and USB drives to install secondary crimeware payloads.
How does Ainslot propagate across local networks?
The malware scans local subnets for accessible SMB shares and copies itself onto removable USB flash drives using autorun files.
What malicious payloads does Ainslot deliver?
Ainslot acts as a downloader, fetching credential stealers, remote access backdoors, and banking Trojans from command servers.
How does Ainslot maintain persistence on infected systems?
Ainslot modifies Windows Registry Run keys and creates scheduled tasks to automatically execute when the system boots.
How do defenders remove Ainslot from an organization?
Defenders should isolate infected endpoints, disable SMBv1, enforce strong network share passwords, and perform complete antivirus sweeps.
What are the main symptoms of a Ainslot infection?
Symptoms of Ainslot can include unexpected system slowness, unauthorized outbound network traffic to unknown IP addresses, disabled security software, and suspicious background processes running from AppData or Temp directories.
Protect Your Network Against Trojans
Want to prevent Ainslot and similar threats from compromising your organization? Read our comprehensive defensive guide: Banking Trojan Protection for Businesses.
📣 Threat Intel Correction or Update?
Notice an outdated IOC, unlisted alias, or disputed attribution? Threat researchers are invited to propose an update on GitHub or contact the SystemHelpDesk research desk. All community revisions are credited in our public CHANGELOG.
Machine-readable
Get this profile as JSON: https://malware-families-catalog.systemhelpdesk.com/api/ainslot.json
Ecosystem & Interactive Environments
This profile is part of the Malware Families Catalog, a public dataset of 2,899 malware families. The catalog is also published across our ecosystem: Hugging Face, Kaggle, Zenodo, Replit, StackBlitz, CodeSandbox, and CodePen.